TYPOGRAPHY/TASK 2: TYPOGRAPHIC EXPLORATION & COMMUNICATION

28/10/2024-4/11/2024 (Week 6- Week 7)

Jennifer Michelle Hiendrawan / 0374682

Typography/Bachelor of design (honours) in creative media/ School of design 

Task 2/Typographic exploration & communication

---

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.Lectures

2.Instruction

3.Process Work

   3.1 Research 

   3.2 Ideation 

   3.3 Final Outcome 

4. Feedback

5. Reflection

6. Further Reading

---

1.LECTURES

Week 6:Typo 5_Understanding

• Letters/ understanding letterforms

1.The upercase letterforms below suggest symmetry, but in fact it is not symmetrical.It is easy to see the two different stroke weights of the baskerville stroke form(below); more noteworthy is the fact that each bracket connecting the serif to the stem has a unique arc

Fig 1.1 Baskerville Uppercase Letterforms

• Letters

1.The uppercase letterforms may appear symmetrical, but a close examination shows that the width of the left slope is thinner than the right stroke.Both baskerville (previous) and univers (below) demonstrate the meticulous care a type designer takes to create letterforms that are both internally harmonious and individually expressive

Fig 1.2 Universe Uppercase Letterforms

2.The complexity of each individual letterform is neatly demonstrated by examining the lowercase 'a' of two seemingly similar sans-serif typefaces- Helvetica and univers.A comparison of how the stems of the letterforms finish and how the bowls meet the stems quickly reveals the palpable difference in character between the two

Fig 1.3 Lowercase Letterforms

•  Letters/ maintaining x-height

1.The x-height generally describes the size of the lowercase letterforms.However, curved strokes such as in 's', must rise above the median (or sink below the baseline) in order to appear to be the same size as the vertical and horizontal strokes they adjoin

 

Fig 1.4 X-Height

• Letters/form/counterform

1.When letters are joined to form words, the counter form includes the spaces between them 

2.The latter is particularly and important concept when working with letterforms like lowercase 'r' that have no counter per se.

Fig 1.5 Counterform

3.One of the most rewarding way to understand the form and counter of a letter is to examine them in close detail.The examination also provide a good feel for how the balance between form and counter is achieved and a palpable sense of letterform's unique characteristics

Fig 1.6 Examine Letterforms

4.It's worth nothing here that the sense of 's' holds at each stage of enlargement, while the 'g' tends to loose its identity, as individual elements are examined without the context of the entire letterform.

• Letters/ contrast

1.The simple contrasts produces numerous variations:

small+organic/large + machined ; small+dark/ large light 

Fig 1.7 Contrast Examples

2.

Fig 1.8 Contrast

Week 7:

Mr.Max showed us how to set the layout for our InDesign Project and also chose our best work from previous task.

Week 8:

Independent learning week.Mr.Max open online consultation and chose one of my InDesign Layout

---

2.INSTRUCTION

---

3.TASKS

TASK 2 : TEXT FORMATTING & EXPRESSION

Task 2 is a combination of all materials that we had learn in task 1.We must create a type expression for the headline, and we must make the text formatting for the paragraph.We must create the headline using adobe illustrator and the text formatting using InDesign.

• Research

We were given 3 texts for this task and i ended up choosing "Unite to Visualise a Better World" for task 2.I chose this text because i think it will be good to find some idea and creating the "Unite" and also "Visualise" type expressions.Therfore, i searched for an idea for these words.

Fig 3.1.1 Reference 1 (Week 6,28/10/2024)

Fig 3.1.2 Reference 2 (Week 6,28/10/2024)

Fig 3.1.3 Reference 3 (Week 6,28/10/2024)

• Ideation

After doing some research. i sketched the headline first using paper.This was my very first design.This design was all rejected by Mr.Max because he said that i don't need to distort all of the words.He said that i must re-do the sketches and also focus to create the type expressions for 1 word only.

Fig 3.2.4 First Sketches (Week 6,28/10/2024)

After i got the feedback from Mr.Max, i started to change my sketches.I made 4 new sketches and Mr.Max approved 3 from 4.He toold me that i must create 1 more sketch.

Fig 3.2.5 Second Sketches (Chosen Sketch) (Week 6,28/10/2024)

I created 3 more sketches and he chose 1 from it.Therefore, i already created 4 sketches for the type expressions

Fig 3.2.6 Chosen Sketch (Week 7,04/11/2024)

Explanation for all 4 sketches:

1.First sketch:I want to focus on "unite".Unite means "to combine", therefore i created a type expression by combining all of the words became 1 to represent unite.

2.Second sketch:I also want to focus on "Unite" and i tried something different.Because unite means "to combine", i combined all of the words again, however, this time i made it very close to each other and also i made it lined up

3.Third sketch:I want to focus on "visualise", therefore i created something that is actually our vision.It is the light from our vision

4.Fourth sketch:I also want to focus on "visualise", so i created the word and made it to look like an eye to represent "visualise"

• Digitization

I showed my type expression that i made to Mr.Max, however he gave me some feedback and he told me to change some of the position and also shape.So, it became like this.

Fig 3.2.7 Digitization using InDesign (Week 7,04/11/2024)

I made the type expression using adobe illustrator than i made the text formatting using InDesign.Actuallhy Mr.Max told us to create 4 designs, however, i came out with 5 designs.

• Layout sketch

Fig 3.2.8 First Layout Sketch (Week 7,04/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.9 Second Layout Sketch (Week 7,04/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.10 Third Layout Sketch (Week 7,04/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.9 Fourth Layout Sketch (Week 7,04/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.10 Fifth Layout Sketch (Week 7,04/11/2024)

FIRST DESIGN

I made the lead-in text leaned to make it suits the headline and also i made 2 columns for the texts.I made the first text to be on top and the other text to be in the other column and on bottom to make it balance.

Fig 3.2.11 First Design Without Baseline JPEG (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.12 First Design With Baseline JPEG (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.13 First Design With Baseline PDF (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.14 First Design Without Baseline PDF (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.15 First Design Layout (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

HEADLINE

Typeface: ITC Garamond Std 

Font/s: ITC Garamond Std Light Condensed 

BODY TEXT

Typeface: Bodoni Std 

Font/s: Bodoni Std Regular

Type Size/s: 11 pt

Leading: 12 pt

Paragraph spacing: 12 pt

Characters per-line: 50-60

Alignment: Left justified

PAGE FORMAT

Margins: 10mm top + bottom + right + left

Columns: 2 Gutter: 5 mm

SECOND DESIGN

I made the headline extremely big to highlighted it more.I divided the text into 2 columns to make a balance between the page.I added the lead in text on the paragraph page, so that it will not be so empty. 

Fig 3.2.16 Second Design Without Baseline JPEG (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.17 Second Design With Baseline JPEG (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.18 Second Design With Baseline PDF (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.19 Second Design Without Baseline PDF (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.20 Second Design Layout (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

HEADLINE

Typeface: Bodoni Std 

Font/s: Bodoni Std Poster Compressed 

BODY TEXT

Typeface: Bembo Std

Font/s: Bembo Std Regular

Type Size/s: 11 pt

Leading: 12 pt

Paragraph spacing: 12 pt

Characters per-line: 50-60

Alignment: Left justified

PAGE FORMAT

Margins: 10mm top + bottom + right + left

Columns: 2 Gutter: 5 mm

THIRD DESIGN

This design is actually same with the second design, however i added some rectangle shapes to make an aesthetic frame for the design and also to make it more eye-catching.

Fig 3.2.21 Third Design Without Baseline JPEG (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.22 Third  Design With Baseline JPEG (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.23 Third Design With Baseline PDF (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.23 Third Design Without Baseline PDF (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.24 Third Design Layout (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

HEADLINE

Typeface: Bodoni Std 

Font/s: Bodoni Std Poster Compressed 

BODY TEXT

Typeface: Bembo Std

Font/s: Bembo Std Regular

Type Size/s: 11 pt

Leading: 12 pt

Paragraph spacing: 12 pt

Characters per-line: 50-60

Alignment: Left justified

PAGE FORMAT

Margins: 10mm top + bottom + right + left

Columns: 2 Gutter: 5 mm

FOURTH DESIGN

I put the headline in the middle to make it different from the other design and also i made paragraphs beside the word "visualise' to make it more represent the word.

Fig 3.2.25 Fourth Design Without Baseline JPEG (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.26 Fourth Design With Baseline JPEG (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.27 Fourth Design With Baseline PDF (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

 

Fig 3.2.28 Fourth Design Without Baseline PDF (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.29 Fourth Design Layout (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

HEADLINE

Typeface: Bodoni Std 

Font/s: Bodoni Std Bold Condensed 

BODY TEXT

Typeface: Bembo Std

Font/s: Bembo Std Regular

Type Size/s: 11 pt

Leading: 12 pt

Paragraph spacing: 12 pt

Characters per-line: 50-60

Alignment: Left justified

PAGE FORMAT

Margins: 10mm top + bottom + right + left

Columns: 2 Gutter: 5 mm

FIFTH DESIGN

I want to highlight the headline more, that's why i put the headline extremely big and one page just only for the headline.For the layout, i want to make it simple but eye-catching, i added the lead-in text on the top of the paragraph.

Fig 3.2.30 Fifth Design Without Baseline JPEG (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.31 Fifth  Design With Baseline JPEG (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.32 Fifth Design With Baseline PDF  (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.33 Fifth Design Without Baseline PDF (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

Fig 3.2.34 Fifth Design Layout (Week 7, 8/11/2024)

HEADLINE

Typeface: Adobe Caslon Pro 

Font/s: Adobe Caslon Pro Bold

BODY TEXT

Typeface: Bembo Std

Font/s: Bembo Std Regular

Type Size/s: 11 pt

Leading: 12 pt

Paragraph spacing: 12 pt

Characters per-line: 50-60

Alignment: Left justified

PAGE FORMAT

Margins: 10mm top + bottom + right + left

Columns: 2 Gutter: 5 mm

FINAL OUTCOME

After the consultation with Mr.Max, he chose the third design for my final outcome.He said that it is already good.

Fig 3.3.1 Final Outcome Without Baseline JPEG (Week 8, 11/11/2024)

Fig 3.3.2 Final Outcome With Baseline JPEG (Week 8, 11/11/2024)

Fig 3.3.3 Final Outcome Without Baseline PDF  (Week 8, 11/11/2024)

Fig 3.3.4 Final Outcome With Baseline PDF (Week 8, 11/11/2024)

HEADLINE

Typeface: Bodoni Std 

Font/s: Bodoni Std Poster Compressed 

BODY TEXT

Typeface: Bembo Std

Font/s: Bembo Std Regular

Type Size/s: 11 pt

Leading: 12 pt

Paragraph spacing: 12 pt

Characters per-line: 50-60

Alignment: Left justified

PAGE FORMAT

Margins: 10mm top + bottom + right + left

Columns: 2 Gutter: 5 mm

---

4.FEEDBACK

Week 6:

General feedback: Mr.Max gave some brief about task 2 and showed us how to create it on InDesign and also Illustrator.He told us that we must create 4 sketches for next week for task 2 

Specific feedback: Mr.Max chose one of my layout for the previous task & also because i’ve done sketching, i showed it to Mr.Max and he approved 3 sketches.So, i must make one more sketch for next week.

Week 7:

General feedback:Mr.Max gave us some time to show our sketches and also brief us a little bit about task 3.He also helped us to create the type expression digitization using adobe illustrator for task 2

Specific feedback:Mr.Max finally approved my last sketch and i started to create the type expression using InDesign.I asked Mr.Max about my design and he revised some of the design.

Week 8:

General feedback:No class (independent learning week)

Specific feedback:I showed Mr.Max all of my type formatting designs and he chose one of them to be my final outcome

---

5.REFLECTION

Experience

After doing task 2, i got lot of new knowledge that really help me to create a good and creative design. I learnt more about how to create the best layout with kerning and tracking. Moreover, i also learnt how to create the type expression for the headline without distorting the word too much, but still can represent the meaning of the word.Overall, i felt excited after doing task 2 because i can learn a lot of new things and also i think creating type expression and also doing kerning, tracking, leading were quite interesting.

Observation

I realized that a good designer must have a good creativity.Besides that, a good designer must open to every feedback because feedback can help us to be a better designer and also can improve our design.I got a lot of new unique idea for task 2.

Findings

For me, creating type expression for the headline is very important because it will not make the design looks boring and also it can represent the word.We just need simple type expression that is memorable, unique, and represent the word.Moreover, doing kerning, tracking, and leading are also important, because if the text was messy, it will not be a perfect text.We must also make sure that there are no widows, orphans, and also rivers.

---

6.FURTHER READING

Fig 6.1 Typographic Design Book (Week 8, 11/11/2024)

Proportion of the letter form 

• Is an important consideration in typography 
• Four major variables control letterform proportion and have considerable impact upon the visual appearance of a typeface ; the height to stroke width and also the variation between the tickest and thinnest strokes of the letterform

1. STROKE TO-HEIGHT RATIO:

-Superimposition on a grid demonstrates that the height of the letter is ten times the stroke width

-Change in the weight and appearance of the letterform occurs 

     

      2.CONTRAST IN STROKE WEIGHT:

-A change in the contrast between thick and thin strokes can alter the optical qualities of letterforms

    3.EXPANDED AND CONDENSED STYLE

-The word proportion, set in two sans serif typefaces, demonstrates extreme expansion and condensation

    4.X HEIGHT AND PROPORTION

-The proportional relationship between the x-height and capital, ascender, descender heights influence the optical qualities of typography in a significant way.

Fig 6.2 Proportion (Week 8, 11/11/2024)

Fig 2.7 shown with the date of each specimen, demonstrates how the development of technology and printing has enabled typeface designers to make thinner strokes

Fig 2.8 The word proportion, set in two sans serif typefaces, demonstrates extreme expansion and condensation

After i read this book, now i know which typeface is the best one to make the type expression for task2.